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Participant: part of or influencing processes

Frost

Appears in 8 processs and 15 steps. Everything below is linked: open a process to see it in context.

Top processes

Freeze-thaw cycling and soil structure

4 steps

Start: Freeze-thaw cycling and soil structure
End: Freeze-thaw cycling and soil structure
Pore water freezes and expands about 9%
and 1 more in this process

Physical weathering: frost cracking, thermal stress and root wedging

4 steps

Weathering

2 steps

Mineral weathering and parent material

1 step

Physical breakdown by freeze-thaw, wetting-drying and root wedging

Aggregate formation and pore structure

1 step

Freeze-thaw cycling and soil structure

Pedogenesis and soil horizon development

1 step

Bedrock is broken into regolith by weathering and the soil production function

Show 2 more processes

Soil compaction and loss of macroporosity

1 step

Subsoil compaction persists for decades because few roots, worms and frost cycles reach below plough depth

Soil compaction: stress, density, root limitation and recovery

1 step

Natural recovery by freeze-thaw, wet-dry cycles, deep perennial roots and earthworm burrowing slowly rebuilds pores

Often found with

Plant roots 8 Water 8 Rock 5 Rock 4 Ice lenses 3 Soil aggregates 3 Soil microbes 3 Pore space 3 Soil aggregates 2 Earthworms 2 Parent rock 1 Primary minerals 1

Known by 719 participants and resources across the map.