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Resource: used or used up in processes

Base cations

Appears in 7 processs and 10 steps. Everything below is linked: open a process to see it in context.

Top processes

Nutrient availability and leaching

3 steps

Cation exchange, pH and soil solution chemistry

2 steps

Water infiltration, retention and movement

1 step

Excess water drains below the root zone (deep percolation)

Nitrification-driven acidification of ammonium fertilised soil

1 step

Soil pH falls as acidity accumulates

Sequential soil pH buffer systems

1 step

Silicate and exchange buffer ranges (about pH 6.2 to 4.2): protons displace base cations

Clay mineral transformation sequence

1 step

Leaching intensity and silica activity decide the clay type

Show 1 more processes

Nitrate leaching from the root zone to groundwater and coastal waters

1 step

Nitrate is not adsorbed by net-negative soil surfaces and moves with drainage water, taking base cations with it

Often found with

Soil solution 5 Drainage water 5 Hydrogen ions 4 Water 4 Rain 3 Nitrate 3 Plant roots 2 Clay minerals 2 Nitrate 2 Roots 1 Microbes 1 Nitrifying bacteria 1

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