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Participant: part of or influencing processes

Rain and irrigation

Appears in 8 processs and 11 steps. Everything below is linked: open a process to see it in context.

Top processes

Water infiltration, retention and movement

4 steps

Start: Water infiltration, retention and movement
End: Water infiltration, retention and movement
Rain or irrigation reaches the surface
and 1 more in this process

Living soil system

1 step

Water infiltration, retention and movement

Preferential flow and macropore bypass

1 step

Rain intensity versus matrix infiltration capacity and soil wetness

Shrink-swell cracking and self-mulching in smectitic soils

1 step

Cracks open to 0.5 m or more; first rain bypasses the matrix through them into the subsoil

Soil respiration: temperature and moisture control and climate feedback

1 step

Rewetting dry soil causes a CO2 and mineral N pulse within hours (Birch effect) from released osmolytes and exposed organic matter

Nitrate leaching from the root zone to groundwater and coastal waters

1 step

Most leaching occurs in autumn and winter, when the crop is gone, mineralisation continues and drainage is highest

Show 2 more processes

Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and Richards flow

1 step

Infiltration rate starts high and declines toward the saturated conductivity as the wetted zone deepens

Shrink-swell cycles and crack dynamics in clay soils

1 step

First rain after drought runs down cracks as bypass flow and wets the subsoil from below before the matrix swells

Often found with

Water 9 Pore space 5 Soil pores 3 Plant roots 3 Gravity 3 Plant canopy 1 Litter layer 1 Soil surface 1 Macropores 1 Soil matrix 1 Soil cracks 1 Soil microbes 1

Known by 719 participants and resources across the map.